Well-boring drill or bit



(No Model.) I v R. P. WILLIAMS & E. B. MORRELL. V

WELL BORING DRILL 0R BIT.

Patented July 7, 1885;

I INYEN URS 1; Q -2Z&zza 4% Uivirnn STATES Parana" @rrrc e g R. P. WILLIAMS AND EPHRAIM B. MOB-BELL, OF SANTA CRUZ, CALlFORNlA.

WELL-BORING DRiLL 0R BET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 321,560, dated July 7, 1885.

To aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that we, R. P. WiLLiims and EPHRAIM l3. MORRELL, citizens of the United States, residing at Santa Cruz, in the county of Santa Cruz and State of California, have invented a new and useful ell-Boring Drill or Bit, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in drills or bits for boring or sinking wells; and the object of my improvement is to'provide a drill or bit which may drill a hole in advance of the casing being sunk, and of a diameter greater than that of the casing, and yet so constructed and arranged that it may be readily forced down and drawn back through the ma ing when its cutting-edge becomes dulled. These objects we accomplish by means of the device illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whicl1- Figure l is a side elevation of ourimproved drill with the sliding or movable bit drawn out. Fig. 2 is a view of the same when closed up and ready for work. Fig. 3 is an eleva tion of the drill, showing the tripping-disk removed. .Fig. 4 is an edge view of the lower part of the drill, showing the removable cutting-edge. Fig. 5 is a section taken on lineX X of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a section. taken on line Y Y of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section taken through one of the slush-holes.

Similar letters of reference are used to indicate likeparts throughout the several views.

A represents the main or fixed portion of our improved drill or bit, and B the movable or sliding portion of the drill, provided upon its inner face with a dovetail tenon, O, which engages with a mortise, D, in the meeting edge of the main bit, and thus lateral motion is prevented when the movable part of the bit is shoved home. The upper part of the movable drill rests against an under-cut jog or rabbet, E, cut in the edge of the fixed drill, and about one half way down the meeting edge thereof we cut a second but shorter rabbet, F, and provide the movable bit with a corresponding projection, G, which fits up snugly against the rabbets both at this point and at the upper rabbet, E, and thus a'support is formed to take up and receive the upward thrust of the movable bit, and the lower or cutting edge of the two sections of the drill are kept constantly aligned when drilling. Slush holes H H, extending through the body of the drill from side to side, are placed at the upper inner angles of the rabbets in the main bit-stock to permit of the outward passage of the sediment and slush when the two parts of the drill are forced together at the bottom of the well hole or shaft.

At any convenient point on the main section of the drill between the upper and lower rabbet we make a transverse slot, 1, cut in one face only of the drill, as shown in Fig. 5. This slot is fitted with a dovetailed sliding catch or pin, J, which is forced outwardly by a coiled spring, K, placed within the slot, and the said pin is prevented from passing out of the slot by a pin, L, which strikes against a shoulder formed in the slot. A thin flat looselypivcted disk, M, is attached to the sliding springcatch, and the outer edge of this disk is projected sufficient] y far beyond the edge of the drill (see Fig. 2,) to strike against the lower edge of the well-casing when the drill is to be withdrawn from the well-hole, and, by forcing back the springcatch J, release it from a vertical rabbct or mortise, N, cut in the meeting face or edge of the movable bit B, and allow the bit to drop down far enough to permit the outer lower corner of the cutting-face to clear the lower edge of the casing and permit the drill to be drawn up to the surface of the ground. lhe rabbet N is made long enough to permit of the movable bit dropping far enough to clear the casing, and at the lower end of this rabbeta pin, O,is projected from the main bit, and as the movable bit drops its fall is limited by the upper end or shoulder of the rabbet N coming in contactand resting upon the said pin 0. It should here be remarked that the dovetailed tenon and mortise C D are not made vertical, but at a certain degree of inclination from a vertical line to enable the lower end of the movable bit to clear the easing after it has been dropped a certain distance. This inclination should be such that the width of the drill upon the cutting-edge is seven inches, and at the upper end of the movable bit is six inches, and the drop is three inches, then the angle should be such as will permit the lower outer corner of the movable bit to come within a vertical line dropped from that point on the outer edge of the drill where the width is afixed six inches. The cutting-edge of the drill is made removable, and in practice we drill a longitudinal hole in the lower edge of the stock in the form shown in Fig. 4, and then insert the temperedsteel cutter a, having slight shoulders b, extending its entire length and confine the cutter in place by short screws 0.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A well-boring drill or bit having a movable section, B, sliding up avertically-inclined dovetail and mortise, and held in position by a spring-catch operated by a disk to cause the movable section or bit to drop, substantially as shown, for the purpose set forth.

2. A well-boring drill having a movable section and connected together by a dovetail, O, and mortise D, and provided with shoulders or rabbets E and F, and slush-holesHH, substantially as shown, for the purpose set forth.

8. In a wellboring drill, the movable section or bit B, provided with a vertical rabbet,

N, adapted to receive the holding-pin L, projecting from the fixed section or bit A, sub stantially as shown, for the purpose set forth.

4. In a well-boring drill having a movable bit, the spring-catch J, countersunk in the main bit or section A, and engaging with a rabbet, N, cut in the meeting face of the movable bit and operated by a disk, M, to allow the said movable bit to drop when brought into contact with and forced back by the lower edge of the well-casing, substantially as shown and set forth, for the purpose specified.

5. In a weltboring drill, the cutters aa, secured within the lower face of the drill-stock and confined to place by shouldersb and screws a, substantially as shown, for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that'we claim the foregoing we have hereunto set our hands and seals.

R. P. WILLIAMS. [L. s]

EPHRAIM B. MORRELL. [L. s] \Vitnesses:

VVILMER BRADFORD,

Gulls. E. KELLY. 

